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Review Article
Next-Generation Anticancer Modalities: A Systematic Review of Antibody–Drug Conjugates, Bispecific Antibodies, CAR-T Cell Therapy, Cancer Vaccines, and Radioligand Therapy
Elmursieva Vakhidat Z.¹, Umaeva Amina M.¹, Maleeva Anna V.¹, Fokina Daria A.¹,1
Khordaeva Marina B.²2
Dadaeva Marina M.³,3
Machieva Laura A.⁴, Kottoev Albert A.⁴, Magomadova Khava R.⁴, Bisultanova Khadishat M.⁴, Malsagova Aminat R.⁴, Misaeva Muslimat S.⁴, Sulumova Khava Kh.⁴4
Evloev Ibragim R.⁵, Bursagova Elina I.⁵, Shandulaev Shamil M.⁵,5
Belyavskiy Ivan A.⁶, Klimatova Hyadi S.⁷6
¹ The Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russia ² Rostov State Medical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia ³ North Ossetian State Medical Academy, Vladikavkaz, Russia ⁴ Kadyrov Chechen State University, Grozny, Russia ⁵ The Russian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russia ⁶ North-Western State Medical University I.I. Mechnikov, Saint Petersburg, Russia ⁷ Ingush State University, Magas, Russia
Published Online: July-August 2026
Pages: 115-125
Cite this article
↗ https://www.doi.org/10.59256/ijrtmr.20260604013
References
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2. Cortés J, Kim SB, Chung WP, et al. Trastuzumab Deruxtecan versus Trastuzumab Emtansine for Breast Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(12):1143-1154. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2115022
3. Modi S, Jacot W, Yamashita T, et al. Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Previously Treated HER2-Low Advanced Breast Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2022;387(1):9-20. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2203690
4. Meric-Bernstam F, Makker V, Oaknin A, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Trastuzumab Deruxtecan in Patients With HER2-Expressing Solid Tumors: Primary Results From the DESTINY-PanTumor02 Phase II Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2024;42(1):47-58. doi:10.1200/JCO.23.02005
5. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA grants accelerated approval to fam-trastuzumab deruxtecan-nxki for HER2-positive solid tumors. April 5, 2024. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-grants-accelerated-approval-fam-trastuzumab-deruxtecan-nxki-unresectable-or-metastatic-her2
6. Bardia A, Jhaveri K, Im SA, et al. Datopotamab Deruxtecan Versus Chemotherapy in Previously Treated Inoperable/Metastatic Hormone Receptor-Positive Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative Breast Cancer: Primary Results From TROPION-Breast01. J Clin Oncol. 2025;43(3):285-296. doi:10.1200/JCO.24.00920
7. Bardia A, Hurvitz SA, Tolaney SM, et al. Sacituzumab Govitecan in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(16):1529-1541. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2028485
8. Rugo HS, Bardia A, Tolaney SM, et al. TROPiCS-02: A Phase III study investigating sacituzumab govitecan in the treatment of HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer. Future Oncol. 2020;16(12):705-715. doi:10.2217/fon-2020-0163
9. Powles T, Valderrama BP, Gupta S, et al. Enfortumab Vedotin and Pembrolizumab in Untreated Advanced Urothelial Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2024;390(10):875-888. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2312117
10. Krop IE, Masuda N, Mukohara T, et al. Patritumab Deruxtecan (HER3-DXd), a Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 3-Directed Antibody-Drug Conjugate, in Patients With Previously Treated Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 3-Expressing Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Multicenter, Phase I/II Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2023;41(36):5550-5560. doi:10.1200/JCO.23.00882
11. Kantarjian H, Stein A, Gökbuget N, et al. Blinatumomab versus Chemotherapy for Advanced Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(9):836-847. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1609783
12. Topp MS, Gökbuget N, Stein AS, et al. Safety and activity of blinatumomab for adult patients with relapsed or refractory B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16(1):57-66. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(14)71170-2
13. Ahn MJ, Cho BC, Felip E, et al. Tarlatamab for Patients with Previously Treated Small-Cell Lung Cancer. N Engl J Med. 2023;389(22):2063-2075. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2307980
14. Moreau P, Garfall AL, van de Donk NWCJ, et al. Teclistamab in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2022;387(6):495-505. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2203478
15. Budde LE, Sehn LH, Matasar M, et al. Safety and efficacy of mosunetuzumab, a bispecific antibody, in patients with relapsed or refractory follicular lymphoma: a single-arm, multicentre, phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol. 2022;23(8):1055-1065. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00335-7
16. Thieblemont C, Phillips T, Ghesquieres H, et al. Epcoritamab, a Novel, Subcutaneous CD3xCD20 Bispecific T-Cell-Engaging Antibody, in Relapsed or Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Dose Expansion in a Phase I/II Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2023;41(12):2238-2247. doi:10.1200/JCO.22.01725
17. Dickinson MJ, Carlo-Stella C, Morschhauser F, et al. Glofitamab for Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2022;387(24):2220-2231. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2206913.
18. Chari A, Minnema MC, Berdeja JG, et al. Talquetamab, a T-Cell-Redirecting GPRC5D Bispecific Antibody for Multiple Myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2022;387(24):2232-2244. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2204591
19. Harding JJ, Fan J, Oh DY, et al. Zanidatamab for HER2-amplified, unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic biliary tract cancer (HERIZON-BTC-01): a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2b study. Lancet Oncol. 2023;24(7):772-782. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(23)00242-5
20. Schram AM, Odintsov I, Espinosa-Cotton M, et al. Zenocutuzumab, a HER2xHER3 Bispecific Antibody, Is Effective Therapy for Tumors Driven by NRG1 Gene Rearrangements. Cancer Discov. 2022;12(5):1233-1247. doi:10.1158/2159-8290.CD-21-1119
21. Maude SL, Laetsch TW, Buechner J, et al. Tisagenlecleucel in Children and Young Adults with B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(5):439-448. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1709866
22. Schuster SJ, Bishop MR, Tam CS, et al. Tisagenlecleucel in Adult Relapsed or Refractory Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(1):45-56. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1804980
23. Neelapu SS, Locke FL, Bartlett NL, et al. Axicabtagene Ciloleucel CAR T-Cell Therapy in Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2017;377(26):2531-2544. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1707447
24. Locke FL, Miklos DB, Jacobson CA, et al. Axicabtagene Ciloleucel as Second-Line Therapy for Large B-Cell Lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2022;386(7):640-654. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2116133
25. San-Miguel J, Dhakal B, Yong K, et al. Cilta-cel or Standard Care in Lenalidomide-Refractory Multiple Myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2023;389(4):335-347. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2303379
26. Qi C, Liu C, Peng Z, et al. Claudin-18 isoform 2-specific CAR T-cell therapy (satri-cel) versus treatment of physician's choice for previously treated advanced gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction cancer (CT041-ST-01): a randomised, open-label, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2025;405(10494):2049-2060. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(25)00860-8.
27. Zhang Y, Kao S, Li D, Yan C, Huang B, Fang H. Efficacy and safety of anti-CLDN18.2 therapies in advanced or metastatic gastric, gastro-oesophageal junction, and oesophageal carcinomas with CLDN18.2 positivity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Future Oncol. 2026;22(12):1439-1451. doi:10.1080/14796694.2026.2659354
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