ARCHIVES
Year 2026 · Volume 6 · Issue 5
Original Article
Influence of Youth-Friendly Health Campaigns on Teenage Pregnancy Outcomes among Adolescents in Narok West Sub-County, Kenya
Brenda Nashipai Ndaiya1
Joseph Misati2
Charles Wambu3
1 2 3 Department of Community Development and Environmental Management, The Co-operative University of Kenya, Kenya.
Published Online: September-October 2026
Pages: 01-09
Cite this article
↗ https://www.doi.org/10.59256/ijrtmr.20260605001
References
1. Uhawenimana TC, Muganwa K, Uwimana MC, Musabwasoni MGS, Tengera O, Bahumura J, et al. Factors affecting the prevention of unwanted pregnancies among young adolescents in secondary schools in the Eastern Province of Rwanda: An explorative qualitative study. PLOS ONE 2024;19:e0301248. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301248.
2. Raya-Diez E, Serrano-Martínez C, Pedro EDS, Montañés-Muro P. Risk Factors and Social Consequences of Early Pregnancy: A Systematic Review. Sage Open 2024;14:21582440241271324. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241271324.
3. Taiwo MO, Oyekenu O, Hussaini R. Understanding how social norms influence access to and utilization of adolescent sexual and reproductive health services in Northern Nigeria. Front Sociol 2023;8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2023.865499.
4. Pavarini G, Smith LM, Shaughnessy N, Mankee-Williams A, Thirumalai JK, Russell N, et al. Ethical issues in participatory arts methods for young people with adverse childhood experiences. Health Expect 2021;24:1557–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.13314.
5. Gupta D, Jai P N, Yadav SJ. Strategic Communication in Health and Development: Concepts, Applications and Programming. J Health Manag 2021;23:95–108. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972063421994943.
6. Walsh K. What works to prevent violence against children online? n.d.
7. Kigongo E, Ekungu E, Edmonton A, Auma AG, Ongom MC, Samson U, et al. Bridging Participation Gaps: A Community-Led Inception for Integrating Comprehensive Adolescent-Friendly Family Planning and Post-Abortion Care (CAFFP–PAC) into Primary Healthcare Facilities in Northern Uganda. Open Access J Contracept 2025;16:81–96. https://doi.org/10.2147/OAJC.S550132.
8. Njagi J. Conforming or challenging?: The use of ICTs and the navigation of socio-cultural tensions surrounding adolescent girls’ sexual and reproductive health rights in Kenya. Den Haag: International Institute of Social Studies (ISS); 2024.
9. Manguro G, Mwaisaka J, Okoro D, Korir K, Owira P, Githinji G, et al. Failing the rights: sexual vulnerability, access to services and barriers to contraceptives among adolescents in Narok County, Kenya. Int J Hum Rights Healthc 2021;14:374–86. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHRH-11-2020-0099.
10. Ayieko S, Nguku A, Kidula N. It’s not just about pads! Adolescent reproductive health views in Kenya: A qualitative secondary analysis. PLOS Glob Public Health 2023;3:e0001285. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001285.
11. Amoadu M, Ansah EW, Assopiah P, Acquah P, Ansah JE, Berchie E, et al. Socio-cultural factors influencing adolescent pregnancy in Ghana: a scoping review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022;22:834. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-05172-2.
12. Embleton L, Braitstein P, Ruggiero ED, Oduor C, Wado YD. Sexual and reproductive health service utilization among adolescent girls in Kenya: A cross-sectional analysis. PLOS Glob Public Health 2023;3:e0001508. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001508.
13. Uka VK, White H, Smith DM. The sexual and reproductive health needs and preferences of youths in sub-Saharan Africa: A meta-synthesis. PLOS ONE 2024;19:e0300829. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300829.
14. Uka VK, White H, Smith DM. The sexual and reproductive health needs and preferences of youths in sub-Saharan Africa: A meta-synthesis. PLOS ONE 2024;19:e0300829. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300829.
15. Abamecha F, Sudhakar M, Abebe L, Kebede Y, Alemayehu G, Birhanu Z. Effectiveness of the school-based social and behaviour change communication interventions on insecticide-treated nets utilization among primary school children in rural Ethiopia: a controlled quasi-experimental design. Malar J 2021;20:41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03578-x.
16. Ji Y, Cui Y, Ye Q, Wang X. Cultural practices in Chinese families of children with autism in addressing challenging behaviors. Int J Dev Disabil 2025;0:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2025.2573307.
17. Maheen H, Chalmers K, Khaw S, McMichael C. Sexual and reproductive health service utilisation of adolescents and young people from migrant and refugee backgrounds in high-income settings: a qualitative evidence synthesis (QES). Sex Health 2021;18:283–93.https://doi.org/10.1071/SH20112.
18. Barbee AP, Cunningham MR, Antle BF, Langley CN. Impact of a relationship-based intervention, Love Notes, on teen pregnancy prevention. Fam Relat 2023;72:2569–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12798.
19. Mwandama R, Nkhoma S, Dunga SH. Demand for and use of modern contraception among young women aged 15–24 years in Malawi: evidence from the Malawi demographic health survey, 2015–2016. Front Reprod Health 2025;7. https://doi.org/10.3389/frph.2025.1719985.
20. Gupta A, Gonzalez-Rojas Y, Juarez E, Casal MC, Moya J, Falci DR, et al. Early Treatment for Covid-19 with SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Sotrovimab. N Engl J Med 2021;385:1941–50. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2107934.
21. Agyei FB, Kaura DK. A systematic review of effective parent-adolescent sexual and reproductive health information communication in lower- and middle-income countries. Health SA Gesondheid Online 2023;28:1–9. https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v28i0.2435.
22. Eze II, Okeke C, Ekwueme C, Mbachu CO, Onwujekwe O. Acceptability of a community-embedded intervention for improving adolescent sexual and reproductive health in south-east Nigeria: A qualitative study. PLOS ONE 2023;18:e0295762. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295762.
23. Oloo RA. Sexual Health Seeking Behaviour among Youth in Secondary Schools in Mukuru Slum, Nairobi, Kenya. Thesis. JKUAT-COHES, 2024.
2. Raya-Diez E, Serrano-Martínez C, Pedro EDS, Montañés-Muro P. Risk Factors and Social Consequences of Early Pregnancy: A Systematic Review. Sage Open 2024;14:21582440241271324. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440241271324.
3. Taiwo MO, Oyekenu O, Hussaini R. Understanding how social norms influence access to and utilization of adolescent sexual and reproductive health services in Northern Nigeria. Front Sociol 2023;8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoc.2023.865499.
4. Pavarini G, Smith LM, Shaughnessy N, Mankee-Williams A, Thirumalai JK, Russell N, et al. Ethical issues in participatory arts methods for young people with adverse childhood experiences. Health Expect 2021;24:1557–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.13314.
5. Gupta D, Jai P N, Yadav SJ. Strategic Communication in Health and Development: Concepts, Applications and Programming. J Health Manag 2021;23:95–108. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972063421994943.
6. Walsh K. What works to prevent violence against children online? n.d.
7. Kigongo E, Ekungu E, Edmonton A, Auma AG, Ongom MC, Samson U, et al. Bridging Participation Gaps: A Community-Led Inception for Integrating Comprehensive Adolescent-Friendly Family Planning and Post-Abortion Care (CAFFP–PAC) into Primary Healthcare Facilities in Northern Uganda. Open Access J Contracept 2025;16:81–96. https://doi.org/10.2147/OAJC.S550132.
8. Njagi J. Conforming or challenging?: The use of ICTs and the navigation of socio-cultural tensions surrounding adolescent girls’ sexual and reproductive health rights in Kenya. Den Haag: International Institute of Social Studies (ISS); 2024.
9. Manguro G, Mwaisaka J, Okoro D, Korir K, Owira P, Githinji G, et al. Failing the rights: sexual vulnerability, access to services and barriers to contraceptives among adolescents in Narok County, Kenya. Int J Hum Rights Healthc 2021;14:374–86. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJHRH-11-2020-0099.
10. Ayieko S, Nguku A, Kidula N. It’s not just about pads! Adolescent reproductive health views in Kenya: A qualitative secondary analysis. PLOS Glob Public Health 2023;3:e0001285. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001285.
11. Amoadu M, Ansah EW, Assopiah P, Acquah P, Ansah JE, Berchie E, et al. Socio-cultural factors influencing adolescent pregnancy in Ghana: a scoping review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022;22:834. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-022-05172-2.
12. Embleton L, Braitstein P, Ruggiero ED, Oduor C, Wado YD. Sexual and reproductive health service utilization among adolescent girls in Kenya: A cross-sectional analysis. PLOS Glob Public Health 2023;3:e0001508. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001508.
13. Uka VK, White H, Smith DM. The sexual and reproductive health needs and preferences of youths in sub-Saharan Africa: A meta-synthesis. PLOS ONE 2024;19:e0300829. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300829.
14. Uka VK, White H, Smith DM. The sexual and reproductive health needs and preferences of youths in sub-Saharan Africa: A meta-synthesis. PLOS ONE 2024;19:e0300829. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0300829.
15. Abamecha F, Sudhakar M, Abebe L, Kebede Y, Alemayehu G, Birhanu Z. Effectiveness of the school-based social and behaviour change communication interventions on insecticide-treated nets utilization among primary school children in rural Ethiopia: a controlled quasi-experimental design. Malar J 2021;20:41. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03578-x.
16. Ji Y, Cui Y, Ye Q, Wang X. Cultural practices in Chinese families of children with autism in addressing challenging behaviors. Int J Dev Disabil 2025;0:1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/20473869.2025.2573307.
17. Maheen H, Chalmers K, Khaw S, McMichael C. Sexual and reproductive health service utilisation of adolescents and young people from migrant and refugee backgrounds in high-income settings: a qualitative evidence synthesis (QES). Sex Health 2021;18:283–93.https://doi.org/10.1071/SH20112.
18. Barbee AP, Cunningham MR, Antle BF, Langley CN. Impact of a relationship-based intervention, Love Notes, on teen pregnancy prevention. Fam Relat 2023;72:2569–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12798.
19. Mwandama R, Nkhoma S, Dunga SH. Demand for and use of modern contraception among young women aged 15–24 years in Malawi: evidence from the Malawi demographic health survey, 2015–2016. Front Reprod Health 2025;7. https://doi.org/10.3389/frph.2025.1719985.
20. Gupta A, Gonzalez-Rojas Y, Juarez E, Casal MC, Moya J, Falci DR, et al. Early Treatment for Covid-19 with SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Sotrovimab. N Engl J Med 2021;385:1941–50. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2107934.
21. Agyei FB, Kaura DK. A systematic review of effective parent-adolescent sexual and reproductive health information communication in lower- and middle-income countries. Health SA Gesondheid Online 2023;28:1–9. https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v28i0.2435.
22. Eze II, Okeke C, Ekwueme C, Mbachu CO, Onwujekwe O. Acceptability of a community-embedded intervention for improving adolescent sexual and reproductive health in south-east Nigeria: A qualitative study. PLOS ONE 2023;18:e0295762. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295762.
23. Oloo RA. Sexual Health Seeking Behaviour among Youth in Secondary Schools in Mukuru Slum, Nairobi, Kenya. Thesis. JKUAT-COHES, 2024.
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