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Original Article
Comparative Evaluation of Aquatic Macrophyte Species for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Polluted Water Systems
Dr. Annu Tiwari1
1 Guest Faculty, Department of Biotechnology, Govt. TRS. College Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Published Online: May-June 2026
Pages: 16-24
Cite this article
No DOIReferences
1. Ali, H., Khan, E., & Sajad, M. A. (2013). Phytoremediation of heavy metals—Concepts and applications. Chemosphere, 91(7), 869–881.
2. Bind, A., Kushwaha, A., Devi, G., et al. (2019). Biosorption valorization of floating and submerged macrophytes for heavy-metal removal.
Applied Water Science, 9, 118.
3. Bonanno, G. (2011). Trace element accumulation and distribution in wetland plants. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 74(4), 594–
602.
4. Bonanno, G., & Lo Giudice, R. (2010). Heavy metal bioaccumulation by aquatic plants growing in polluted environments. Ecotoxicology
and Environmental Safety, 73(7), 1333–1337.
5. Chandra, R., Yadav, S., & Yadav, S. (2017). Comparative uptake of heavy metals by aquatic plants. Ecological Engineering, 103, 282–
289.
6. Deng, H., Ye, Z. H., & Wong, M. H. (2004). Accumulation of lead, zinc, copper and cadmium by 12 wetland plant species. Environmental
Pollution, 132(1), 29–40.
7. Eid, E. M., Galal, T. M., Sewelam, N. A., Talha, N. I., & Abdallah, S. M. (2020). Phytoremediation of heavy metals by four aquatic
macrophytes and their potential use as contamination indicators. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 12138–12151.
8. Favas, P. J. C., Pratas, J., Varun, M., D'Souza, R., & Paul, M. S. (2014). Phytoremediation of soils contaminated with metals and
metalloids. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 12, 103–117.
9. Jasrotia, S., Kansal, A., & Mehra, A. (2017). Performance of aquatic plant species for phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated water.
Applied Water Science, 7, 889–896.
10. Maine, M. A., Sune, N., & Lagger, S. (2004). Chromium bioaccumulation by macrophytes. Chemosphere, 57(9), 997–1005.
11. Marchand, L., Mench, M., Jacob, D. L., & Otte, M. L. (2010). Metal and metalloid removal in constructed wetlands. Environmental
Pollution, 158(12), 3447–3461.
12. Mishra, V. K., & Tripathi, B. D. (2008). Concurrent removal of heavy metals and organics by aquatic macrophytes. Bioresource
Technology, 99(15), 7091–7097.
13. Pandey, D., Chhimwal, M., & Srivastava, R. K. (2022). Application of macrophytes in phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted water.
Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, 26(3), 116–125.
14. Petrov, D. S., Korotaeva, A. E., Pashkevich, M. A., & Chukaeva, M. A. (2022). Heavy metal accumulation potential of aquatic plants for
bioindication and bioremediation. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 195(1), 122.
15. Prasad, M. N. V. (2003). Phytoremediation of metal-polluted ecosystems. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 50(5), 686–700.
16. Rai, P. K. (2009). Heavy metal phytoremediation from aquatic ecosystems with special reference to macrophytes. Critical Reviews in
Environmental Science and Technology, 39(9), 697–753.
17. Rezania, S., Ponraj, M., Din, M. F., et al. (2016). The diverse applications of water hyacinth with focus on sustainable environmental
remediation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23, 18863–18873.
18. Salt, D. E., Smith, R. D., & Raskin, I. (1998). Phytoremediation. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 49,
643–668.
19. Sekomo, C. B., Rousseau, D. P. L., Saleh, S. A., & Lens, P. N. L. (2012). Heavy metal removal in duckweed and water hyacinth systems.
Environmental Technology, 33(20), 243–252.
20. Sharma, P., & Dubey, R. S. (2005). Lead toxicity in plants. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 17(1), 35–52.
21. Sood, A., Uniyal, P. L., Prasanna, R., & Ahluwalia, A. S. (2012). Phytoremediation potential of aquatic macrophytes. Ambio, 41(2), 122–
137.
22. Vymazal, J. (2010). Constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment. Water, 2(3), 530–549.
23. Vymazal, J., & Brezinova, T. (2015). Heavy metals in constructed wetlands. Science of the Total Environment, 506–507, 555–572.
24. Wang, Q., Cui, Y., Dong, Y., & Christie, P. (2002). Soil and plant contamination in wastewater-irrigated areas. Environmental
International, 28(5), 339–346.
25. Zayed, A., Gowthaman, S., & Terry, N. (1998). Phytoaccumulation of trace elements by wetland plants. Journal of Environmental Quality,
27(3), 715–721
2. Bind, A., Kushwaha, A., Devi, G., et al. (2019). Biosorption valorization of floating and submerged macrophytes for heavy-metal removal.
Applied Water Science, 9, 118.
3. Bonanno, G. (2011). Trace element accumulation and distribution in wetland plants. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 74(4), 594–
602.
4. Bonanno, G., & Lo Giudice, R. (2010). Heavy metal bioaccumulation by aquatic plants growing in polluted environments. Ecotoxicology
and Environmental Safety, 73(7), 1333–1337.
5. Chandra, R., Yadav, S., & Yadav, S. (2017). Comparative uptake of heavy metals by aquatic plants. Ecological Engineering, 103, 282–
289.
6. Deng, H., Ye, Z. H., & Wong, M. H. (2004). Accumulation of lead, zinc, copper and cadmium by 12 wetland plant species. Environmental
Pollution, 132(1), 29–40.
7. Eid, E. M., Galal, T. M., Sewelam, N. A., Talha, N. I., & Abdallah, S. M. (2020). Phytoremediation of heavy metals by four aquatic
macrophytes and their potential use as contamination indicators. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27, 12138–12151.
8. Favas, P. J. C., Pratas, J., Varun, M., D'Souza, R., & Paul, M. S. (2014). Phytoremediation of soils contaminated with metals and
metalloids. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 12, 103–117.
9. Jasrotia, S., Kansal, A., & Mehra, A. (2017). Performance of aquatic plant species for phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated water.
Applied Water Science, 7, 889–896.
10. Maine, M. A., Sune, N., & Lagger, S. (2004). Chromium bioaccumulation by macrophytes. Chemosphere, 57(9), 997–1005.
11. Marchand, L., Mench, M., Jacob, D. L., & Otte, M. L. (2010). Metal and metalloid removal in constructed wetlands. Environmental
Pollution, 158(12), 3447–3461.
12. Mishra, V. K., & Tripathi, B. D. (2008). Concurrent removal of heavy metals and organics by aquatic macrophytes. Bioresource
Technology, 99(15), 7091–7097.
13. Pandey, D., Chhimwal, M., & Srivastava, R. K. (2022). Application of macrophytes in phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted water.
Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, 26(3), 116–125.
14. Petrov, D. S., Korotaeva, A. E., Pashkevich, M. A., & Chukaeva, M. A. (2022). Heavy metal accumulation potential of aquatic plants for
bioindication and bioremediation. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 195(1), 122.
15. Prasad, M. N. V. (2003). Phytoremediation of metal-polluted ecosystems. Russian Journal of Plant Physiology, 50(5), 686–700.
16. Rai, P. K. (2009). Heavy metal phytoremediation from aquatic ecosystems with special reference to macrophytes. Critical Reviews in
Environmental Science and Technology, 39(9), 697–753.
17. Rezania, S., Ponraj, M., Din, M. F., et al. (2016). The diverse applications of water hyacinth with focus on sustainable environmental
remediation. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 23, 18863–18873.
18. Salt, D. E., Smith, R. D., & Raskin, I. (1998). Phytoremediation. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology, 49,
643–668.
19. Sekomo, C. B., Rousseau, D. P. L., Saleh, S. A., & Lens, P. N. L. (2012). Heavy metal removal in duckweed and water hyacinth systems.
Environmental Technology, 33(20), 243–252.
20. Sharma, P., & Dubey, R. S. (2005). Lead toxicity in plants. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 17(1), 35–52.
21. Sood, A., Uniyal, P. L., Prasanna, R., & Ahluwalia, A. S. (2012). Phytoremediation potential of aquatic macrophytes. Ambio, 41(2), 122–
137.
22. Vymazal, J. (2010). Constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment. Water, 2(3), 530–549.
23. Vymazal, J., & Brezinova, T. (2015). Heavy metals in constructed wetlands. Science of the Total Environment, 506–507, 555–572.
24. Wang, Q., Cui, Y., Dong, Y., & Christie, P. (2002). Soil and plant contamination in wastewater-irrigated areas. Environmental
International, 28(5), 339–346.
25. Zayed, A., Gowthaman, S., & Terry, N. (1998). Phytoaccumulation of trace elements by wetland plants. Journal of Environmental Quality,
27(3), 715–721
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